Justin
Holland (1819 - 1877) was an African-American classical musician,
guitarist, composer and arranger. It's safe to say that Justin
Holland was one of the most important American guitarists
of his generation. He was perhaps, the first Black man to make
an important contribution to the classic guitar.
Justin
Holland was born to free black parents in Norfolk County, Virginia
on 26 July 1819, the oldest or second oldest of farmer Exum Holland's
three sons and five daughters.The family lived near other free
blacks in a neighborhood which also included whites of moderate
means who owned a few slave families, and whites without slaves.
Tobacco had first been the principle crop in Norfolk County, however
over-production, depressed profits,and tobacco's depletion of the
soil had forced agricultural diversification; so the Hollands and
their neighbors most likely grew corn, cotton, Irish potatoes,
grass,or fruits and vegetables as cash crops on small farms.
Justin
Holland left Virginia for Massachusetts after his parents' deaths
in 1833.Justin went to Boston and met Senor Mariano Perez and began
the study of the guitar. Another of his music teachers was Simon
Knable, a member of Ned Kendall's Brass Band who taught Holland
the theory and the art of arranging.
At
this time Holland also undertook the study of flute with a Scotsman
named Pollock. In 1841 he entered Oberlin College in Ohio for another
two years of musical study. After some travel including a trip
to Mexico he returned to Ohio, married and settled in Cleveland.
Holland's
Method, published in 1876, stands as one of the finest methods
for the guitar instruction published in America in the 19th century.
Justin Holland was also a leader in the work to establish an accepted Masonic lodge for black Americans.
Barbara Clemenson*
writes of Holland's involvement with the Free Masons:
Holland was not solely
occupied with music but was also an active Mason after
joining Cleveland's Excelsior Lodge No. 11 in 1862.
Douglas Back**
writes:
He used his talents as a
linguist when he became a leader in the black Free
Masons (Prince Hall). Because American white
Masons did not consider the Prince Hall Masons to be
legitimate, Holland began corresponding with foreign
Masonic Lodges seeking recognition and support.
The Viennese Masonic magazine Der Freimaurer published
a biographical article about Holland in 1877.
Holland was also directly involved with the black activists of his time.
According to Douglas Black's liner notes:
Between the years 1848 and 1854 Holland participated as an assistant secretary and
member of council at National and State
Negro Conventions, where he worked
alongside such noted activists as Frederick
Douglass. He is known to have worked with
the Underground Railroad and was secretary in charge of the "Central American Land
Company", an organization which
unsuccessfully attempted to purchase
sufficient land in Central America to institute a
free black colony.
Barbara Clemenson writes:
Central American
colonization proved infeasible when it was opposed by
foreign diplomats of those countries, but in 1858 Haiti
offered free passage and aid for black settlers and
emigrants began moving there. Holland himself lived in
the West Indies during the Civil War, but evidently did
not find there the opportunities he expected for after
two years he returned to Cleveland.
We have prepared the Justin Holland sheet music as 4 collections of PDF files, containing scans of the original sheet music in an easy to print format.
The first collection, instrumental guitar pieces by Justin Holland is downloaded as a PDF file.
The new second collection, the Justin Holland Songbook, songs for voice and guitar, a PDF file.
The third collection is is our new offering of Justin Holland's 3-part complete method for guitar along with one his compositions "An Adante" downloaded as 4 PDF files.
The new fourth PDF file is a collection of guitar duets that Justin Holland transcribed from various opera.